As the world's largest smart contract platform, Ethereum plays a central role in the decentralized application ecosystem. However, as the number of users and applications increases, the mainnet faces congestion and high transaction fees. It is against this background that Layer2 solutions have emerged, becoming a key technology to enhance Ethereum's scalability. These second-layer networks built on top of the mainnet, through innovative architectural designs, significantly improve transaction throughput while substantially reducing user costs.
Layer2 Core Mechanism: How to Solve Ethereum's Performance Constraints
The fundamental issue facing the Ethereum mainnet (Layer1) is that its decentralized validation model limits transaction processing capacity. The emergence of Layer2 technology breaks this bottleneck, with the core idea of shifting transaction execution from the mainnet to an external computation layer, only returning necessary data on-chain for final settlement.
This layered structure