You keep asking me "whether blockchain builders and bundling are worth learning," honestly don't push yourself to become a researcher... Retail investors just need to know where to stop, right? I think there are three things: 1) Your one exchange isn't just trading with the pool; you could be sandwiched or snatched away, and a lot of that is just the packers sorting orders; 2) Don't idolize "bundle/private transactions," they mainly make transactions less publicly visible in the mempool, but they're not a get-out-of-jail-free card; 3) When you actually act, remember: for large or slippage-sensitive orders, try to use reliable RPCs or protected routing, don’t just blindly rush in during congestion.

Also, recently someone criticized the lag in on-chain data tools' tags and said they can mislead, I agree with that: just look at the sentiment of the tags, don’t treat them as verdicts. Honestly, retail investors don’t need to understand the hundreds of details of builders, just know that "sorting affects your execution," and then tweak your order placement habits a little—that’s enough. Anyway, I’d rather earn less than pay tuition to the sandwiched orders.