Recently, I noticed an interesting design in Dusk's consensus mechanism—the introduction of a node rotation system in SBA consensus.

In simple terms, every quarter, approximately 50% of the consensus nodes are re-selected based on several factors: staked amount, online rate, and validation efficiency. At first glance, it might seem nothing special, but upon closer inspection, this mechanism is quite powerful.

In the past, many public chain consensus nodes were easily monopolized by large holders. Once certain big nodes gained influence, small and medium nodes found it hard to get a chance to stand out. Dusk's rotation mechanism directly breaks this deadlock—there's an opportunity to reshuffle every quarter. This means that if small and medium nodes perform steadily, maintain high online rates, and have good validation efficiency, they have a real chance to enter the core consensus circle. From this perspective, the network's decentralization degree has indeed increased significantly.

Another detail worth noting is the implementation of a node blacklist system. Nodes that engage in malicious activities or attempt to cheat are permanently banned, stripping them of participation rights. This move sets a firm bottom line for consensus security, ensuring fairness in the mechanism and fundamentally preventing malicious nodes from causing damage.